April 30

    The Republic Collapses 

1.    Economic Turmoil

·     Civil War- conflict between groups within the same country. 

2.    Military Upheaval

·     A breakdown of the once loyal military.

3.    Julius Caesar Takes Control

·     Julius Caesar- a military leader who joined forces with Crassus, a wealthy Roman, and Pompey, a popular general.

·     Triumvirate- a group of three rulers who dominated Rome.

4.    Caesar’s Reform 

5.    Beginning of the Empire 

·     Augustus- an excepted title for Octavian, or “exalted one” 

April 26

1)

Republic- A form or government in which power is in the hands of representatives and leaders are elected by the citizens who have the right to vote

Patrician- A member of wealthy, privileged upper class

Plebeian- One of the common farmers, artisans, and merchants who made up most of the population

Tribune- An official elected by the plebeians to protect their rights

Consul- One of the two powerful officials elected each year to command the army and direct the government

Senate- The supreme governing, originally made up only by aristocrats

Dictator- A political leader given absolute power to make laws and command the army for limited a time

Legion- A military unit of ancient Roman army, made up of about 5,000 foot soldiers and a group of soldiers on horseback

Punic Wars- A series of three wars between Rome and Carthage

Hannibal- 29 year old Carthaginian general, he was a brilliant military strategist who wanted too avenge Carthage's earlier defeat

3) 
They could only serve for one year, the same person could not be elected for ten years, and one consul could always overrule the others decision.

4)

That all free citizens had protection under the law.

5)


Instead of a head on attack, he used a surprise attack.

April 25

Main Ideas
Power and Authority:

• Rome's government began as a republic, where elected officials represent the people.
• Eventually emperors seized power and expanded the Roman Empire.

Empire Building:

• The Roman Empire touched three continents at its height, which were Europe, Asia, and Africa.
• Rome brought peace and prosperity to its empire for several centuries until it eventually collapsed.

Religious and Ethical Systems:

• Christianity, a "single-god or monotheistic religion" based on Jesus of Nazareth, rose out of Judea.
• It soon spread throughout and beyond Rome.

Timeline:

• 509 B.C.- Rome becomes republic.
• 264 B.C.- The first Punic War begins.
• 218 B.C.- Hannibal invades Italy in the Second Punic War.
• 31 B.C.- Octavian defeats Antony and Cleopatra's forces (bust of Cleopatra.)
• 284 A.D.- Diocletian becomes the emperor of Rome.
• 476 A.D.- The Western Roman Empire falls (Roman horseman.)

April 24

Today in class, we talked about the test we took before the break.  I did not do too hot on this test. I got a seventy-eight on it. that's a big OOF. But with these next two weeks, I should be able to fix that grade. Mr. Schick will not be here for the next two weeks, he will be out due to a procedure that he has to get done. I'm gonna miss him and his rapping skills. I'm wishing him a good surgery and a fast recovery.

April 11

Today in class we went over the test and studied. I feel pretty prepared for this test. We went over the main peace that was on the test. we also did a background of Alexander to have a better knowledge of him even tho not much would be on the test about him.

April 5

* Philip ll - king of Macedonia 359 - 336 BC
* Macedonia - Kingdom, north of Greece, rough terrain and a cold climate
* Alexander the Great - the son of king Philip ll, ruled for 13 years, learned science, geography, and literature, very smart
* Darius lll - Persian king, fled Persia when Alexander invaded to avoid capture

April 4

Today in class if we had finished our first assignment we were told to do page: 142-145 and the questions: 1,3,4,5 on 145 in our textbook along with taking notes and putting all of it on our blog for that day.

1.

•direct democracy - a form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives 

•classical art - values of harmony, order, balance, and proportion 

•tragedy - a serious drama about common themes such as love, hate, war or betrayal 

•comedy - scenes filled with slapstick situations and crude humor 

•Peloponnesian war - war between Athens and Sparta  

•philosopher - great thinkers who sought the truth  

•socrates - believed that absolute standards existed for truth and justice 

•plato - wrote The Republic and envisioned a perfect society 

•Aristotle - questioned the nature of the world and of human belief, thought, and knowledge 

3. Pericles increased the number of public officials who were paid salaries in order to increase democracy. This allowed Athens to have more citizens participating in self-government.

4. The Athenians' battle strategy was to avoid land battles with the Spartans and wait to strike them from the sea. The Spartans' battle strategy was that they had the stronger army and their inland location prevented them from being easily attacked by the sea.

5. Some Athenians might have found the ideas of Socrates disturbing because he believed that standards existed for truth and justice, and he encouraged Greeks to question their character and what they believed, which was unusual for someone to do back in Greek times.

April 2

1)

Direct Democracy- Form of government in which citizens rule directly and not through representatives

Classical Art- Values or harmony, order, balance, and proportion

Tragedy- Serious drama about common themes such as love, hate, war, or betrayal

Comedy- scenes filled with slapstick situations and crude humor

Peloponnesian War- A war between two leading city-sates in ancient Greece, Athens and Sparta

Philosopher- A thinker who uses logic and reason to investigate the nature of the universe, human society, and mortality

Socrates- A Greek philosopher

Plato- A student of Socrates

Aristotle- Another important Greek philosopher


3)He increased the number of public officials who were paid salaries.
4)Athens avoided land battles and attack by sea.
5)Maybe because they had never been asked to question their own morals.

April 1

Today we presented the Greek Olympics. It was very informative. The videos were pretty funny.  There was supposed to be another presentation, but a person was sick and the other person did not have any of the stuff needed to present. We are eating the food they brought in, but that is it.